Trends of infodemiology studies: a scoping review          下载免费PDF全文

Kimia Zeraatkar  Maryam Ahmadi 《Health information and libraries journal》2018,35(2):91-120

Introduction

The health care industry is rich in data and information. Web technologies, such as search engines and social media, have provided an opportunity for the management of user generated data in real time in the form of infodemiology studies. The aim of this study was to investigate infodemiology studies conducted during 2002–2016, and compare them based on developed, developing and in transition countries.

Methods

This scoping review was conducted in 2017 with the help of the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, Wiley and Springer databases were searched between the years 2002 and 2016. Finally, 56 articles were included in the review and analysed.

Results

The initial infodemiology studies pertain to the quality assessment of the hospital's websites. Most of the studies were on developed countries, based on flu, and published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.

Conclusion

The infodemiology approach provides unmatched opportunities for the management of health data and information generated by the users. Using this potential will provide unique opportunities for the health information need assessment in real time by health librarians and thereby provide evidence based health information to the people.

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Google Scholar and Web of Science: Examining gender differences in citation coverage across five scientific disciplines     

Jens Peter Andersen  Mathias Wullum Nielsen 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(3):950-959

Many studies demonstrate differences in the coverage of citing publications in Google Scholar (GS) and Web of Science (WoS). Here, we examine to what extent citation data from the two databases reflect the scholarly impact of women and men differently. Our conjecture is that WoS carries an indirect gender bias in its selection criteria for citation sources that GS avoids due to criteria that are more inclusive. Using a sample of 1250 U.S. researchers in Sociology, Political Science, Economics, Cardiology and Chemistry, we examine gender differences in the average citation coverage of the two databases. We also calculate database-specific h-indices for all authors in the sample. In repeated simulations of hiring scenarios, we use these indices to examine whether women's appointment rates increase if hiring decisions rely on data from GS in lieu of WoS. We find no systematic gender differences in the citation coverage of the two databases. Further, our results indicate marginal to non-existing effects of database selection on women's success-rates in the simulations. In line with the existing literature, we find the citation coverage in WoS to be largest in Cardiology and Chemistry and smallest in Political Science and Sociology. The concordance between author-based h-indices measured by GS and WoS is largest for Chemistry followed by Cardiology, Political Science, Sociology and Economics.  相似文献   

The more multidisciplinary the better? – The prevalence and interdisciplinarity of research collaborations in multidisciplinary institutions     

Zhiya Zuo  Kang Zhao 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(3):736-756

Scientific research is increasingly relying on collaborations to address complex real-world problems. Many researchers, policymakers, and administrators consider a multidisciplinary environment an important factor for fostering research collaborations, especially interdisciplinary ones that involve researchers from different disciplines. However, it remains unknown whether a higher level of multidisciplinarity within an academic institution is associated with internal collaborations that are more prevalent and more interdisciplinary. Analyzing 90,000 publications by 2500 faculty members in over 100 academic institutions from three multidisciplinary areas, information, public policy, and neuroscience, we investigated the connection between multidisciplinarity and research collaborations. Based on social network analysis and text mining, our analysis suggests that more multidisciplinary institutions are not necessarily more collaborative, although they do feature collaborations that are more interdisciplinary. Our findings provide implications for academic administrators and policymakers to promote research collaborations and interdisciplinarity in academic institutions.  相似文献   

Dimensions: A competitor to Scopus and the Web of Science?     

Mike Thelwall 《Journal of Informetrics》2018,12(2):430-435

Dimensions is a partly free scholarly database launched by Digital Science in January 2018. Dimensions includes journal articles and citation counts, making it a potential new source of impact data. This article explores the value of Dimensions from an impact assessment perspective with an examination of Food Science research 2008–2018 and a random sample of 10,000 Scopus articles from 2012. The results include high correlations between citation counts from Scopus and Dimensions (0.96 by narrow field in 2012) as well as similar average counts. Almost all Scopus articles with DOIs were found in Dimensions (97% in 2012). Thus, the scholarly database component of Dimensions seems to be a plausible alternative to Scopus and the Web of Science for general citation analyses and for citation data in support of some types of research evaluations.  相似文献   

Overhyped Fad or Missed Opportunity? A History of Academic Libraries and the Social Web     

Joseph Deodato 《Journal of Web Librarianship》2018,12(1):1-27

The emergence of social media has radically transformed the way we create and consume information. These changes have in turn given rise to new models of librarianship centered on principles of participation, interaction, and collaboration. Over the last decade, academic libraries have eagerly adopted social media as a means of enhancing services and connecting with a new generation of users. But how exactly has this technology changed libraries? In what ways has the social web transformed library services or our relationships with users? This article attempts to assess the impact of social media on academic libraries in the United States through a review of the literature published since 2005. In particular, it looks at how academic libraries have used social media to improve or develop new services. By comparing published case studies with the theoretical literature, this article seeks to separate theory from practice and determine the extent to which the social web has transformed library practice. The author concludes that, despite several noteworthy examples, the majority of social library applications ultimately fail to live up to the transformative potential promised within the literature and that this failure may have more to do with philosophical rather than technical limitations.  相似文献   

采煤塌陷对中国西部风沙区土壤质量的影响机制及修复措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史沛丽  张玉秀  胡振琪  马康  于冰冰 《中国科学院大学学报》2017,34(3):318-328

中国西部风沙区生态环境脆弱，煤炭井工开采造成土体坍塌，产生地表裂缝，导致地下水位下降、土壤含水量减少、土壤养分流失、土壤酶活性降低、微生物数量和群落结构发生变化、土壤沙化、植被死亡以及生物多样性破坏等生态环境问题。主要剖析近年来煤炭地下开采对西部风沙区土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、土壤微生物和植被生长等方面的影响机制，提出塌陷区土壤环境破坏的修复措施。指出今后的研究应集中于采煤塌陷区土壤质量的恢复和土壤微生物多样性的演替规律方面，为中国西部风沙区采煤塌陷地的生态修复提供理论基础和技术支持。  相似文献   

中文电子病历的分词及实体识别研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王若佳  赵常煜  王继民 《图书情报工作》2019,63(2):34-42

[目的/意义]健康医疗大数据是我国重要的基础性战略资源，本研究对中文电子病历分词与实体识别的探讨与实证较好地完成了医疗数据的信息抽取任务，对今后医疗大数据在语义层面的应用发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程]本研究首先融合权威词表、官方标准、健康网站数据及其他医学补充词库构建了词语数量级达到10万的医学词表；然后对电子病历的字段进行分词，对比了jieba工具、导入词典后的jieba、无监督学习及AC自动机4种模型的分词效果；最后，以自动分词和人工标注结果为语料，实现基于条件随机场的电子病历实体识别研究，并比较不同实体类别以及不同文本特征下的实体识别效果，选出最优模板。[结果/结论]分词结果显示，AC自动机的效果最好，F值可达82%；实体识别结果表明，"检查"和"疾病"实体的识别效果最好，而"症状"的识别效果不太理想。  相似文献   

利用AIS数据计算港口间竞争度的方法     

向哲  施朝健  胡勤友  杨春 《上海海事大学学报》2016,37(1):60-64

为能更有效地提供有价值的航运情报, 借鉴网络分析法相关原理，挖掘船舶AIS数据，获取港口之间的竞争度.该法通过船舶数据模型、港口数据模型、船舶抵达港口事件模型、船舶挂靠港记录、港口之间运力、港口网络等建立港口间竞争度模型. 选取2014年4—8月中国沿海船舶AIS数据和17个主要港口数据，利用模型计算出对上海港竞争度排名前三的港口依次是宁波港、张家港港和南通港.  相似文献   

国内外社交媒体存档研究与实践述评     

黄新荣  高晨翔 《图书情报工作》2019,63(4):122-134

[目的/意义]社交媒体是网络信息资源的重要组成部分，对国内外社交媒体存档的相关研究成果进行总结与梳理，形成比较完整的综述内容，为国内该领域研究提供参考与借鉴。[方法/过程]基于多学科视角，通过文献计量与内容分析得到社交媒体存档领域的文献分布情况，总结社交媒体存档的理论基础，从宏观层面将社交媒体存档理论与实践研究归纳为"目的与主体""政策与指南""问题与障碍"三个研究主题并展开综述。[结果/结论]国内外社交媒体存档研究具有发展速度较快、与实践结合紧密、区域发展不均衡等特征，在未来研究中需要重视研究对象的变化、管理标准的构建以及多主体间的协作。最后对国内社交媒体存档研究与实践的发展提出建议。  相似文献   

Football,Place, and Community in a New Zealand Mining Town, 1877–1939     

Charles Little 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(10):915-934

Abstract

Resource towns (such as lumber camps, power plants, and mining towns) are by their very nature peripheral. They frequently exist in a space of isolation, not only geographically but also culturally as well. The South Island mining town of Kaitangata is a classic example of this process – an industrial, working class, and heavily migrant community positioned within an otherwise agricultural, conservation, and homogenous tract of rural New Zealand. Kaitangata, in the words of one writer, ‘possessed a unique character and pattern of social interaction’ that marked it out from its immediate environment. One way in which these differences manifested themselves was in the sporting activities of the town. In a part of the world where rugby union held absolute hegemony, the town broke the mould by also fielding teams in association football, rugby league, and even Australian Rules football (distinguishing itself as the only town outside of the provincial capital of Dunedin where these three sports obtained a foothold). This paper analyses how these sporting activities contributed to a unique sense of space, addressing themes including class, ethnicity, masculinity, and identity.  相似文献